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Deep eutectic solvent inclusions for high- composite dielectric elastomers

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 996-1002 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2138-2

Abstract: Recent advances in novel electroactive devices have placed new requirements on material development. High-performance dielectric elastomers with good mechanical stretchability and high dielectric constant are under high demand. However, the current strategy for fabricating these materials suffers from high cost or low thermal stability, which greatly hinders large-scale industrial production. Herein, we have successfully developed a novel strategy for improving the dielectric constant of polymeric elastomers via deep eutectic solvent inclusion by taking advantage of the low cost, convenient and environmentally benign synthesis process and high ionic conductivity from deep eutectic solvents. The as-prepared composite elastomers showed good stretchability and a greatly enhanced dielectric constant with a negligible increase in dielectric dissipation. Moreover, we have proven the universality of our strategy by using different types of deep eutectic solvents. It is believed that low-cost, easy-synthesis and environmentally friendly deep eutectic solvents including composite elastomers are highly suitable for large-scale industrial production and can greatly broaden the application fields of dielectric elastomers.

Keywords： composite materials deep eutectic solvent dielectric elastomer high dielectric constant

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The Rion-Antirion bridge—when a dream becomes reality

Jacques COMBAULT

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 415-426 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0130-x

Abstract: innovative techniques had to be developed: The strength of the in situ soil has been improved by means of inclusions

Keywords： bridge multi cable-stayed spans soil reinforcement inclusions yield theory capacity design push-over

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Composition of Hydrocarbons in Diamonds, Garnet, and Olivine from Diamondiferous Peridotites from the Udachnaya Pipe in Yakutia, Russia Article

Nikolay V. Sobolev, Anatoly A. Tomilenko, Taras A. Bul´bak, Alla M. Logvinova

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 471-478 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.002

Abstract:

Volatile components in diamonds, associated garnet (pyrope), and olivine from two extremely rare xenoliths of diamondiferous peridotites recovered from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe in Yakutia, Russia, were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) using a Focus DSQ II Series Single Quadrupole GC–MS (Thermo Scientific, USA). These xenoliths are pyrope lherzolite and pyrope dunite based upon compositions of coexisting minerals. Unlike the pyrope lherzolite, which contained pyrope with moderate calcium (Ca)-component content (about 15 mol%), the dunite contained subcalcic chromium (Cr)-pyrope with low Ca-component content (less than 10 mol%). All investigated minerals contained dominating hydrocarbons and their derivatives represented by aliphatic (paraffins, olefins), cyclic (naphthenes, arenes), oxygenated (alcohols, ethers), and heterocyclic (dioxanes, furans) hydrocarbons; nitrogenated, chlorinated, and sulfonated compounds; carbon dioxide (CO₂); and water (H₂O). The relative concentration (rel%) of total hydrocarbon was 79.7 rel% for diamonds, 69.1 rel% for garnet, and 92.6 rel% for olivine, with a general amount of components ranging from 161 to 206. New data on volatiles in diamonds, associated garnet, and olivine suggest the presence of a wide spectrum of hydrocarbons along with nitrogen (N₂), CO₂, and H₂O in some upper mantle areas.

Keywords： Diamond Volatiles Hydrocarbons Pyrope Olivine Inclusions